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Yass Area Network of Landcare Groups |
YASS SPECIES LIST |
February, 2001 |
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| SCIENTIFIC NAME |
COMMON NAME |
PREFERRED HABITAT |
DESCRIPTION |
USES |
FLOWERING TIME |
| Acacia brownii |
Juniper Wattle |
poorly drained sandy soils |
prickly shrub 0.5-2m |
understorey |
Sept-Nov |
| Acacia buxifolia |
Box-leaf Wattle |
rocky outcrops, acid skeletal soils |
S, shrub 1-2m |
understorey |
Aug-Sept |
| Acacia cultriformis |
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understorey |
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| Acacia dealbata |
Silver Wattle |
various sites from poor dry, acid skeletal soils to moist, well drained. Drought and frost hardy, grows along watercourses |
S, tree 2-7m, vigorous spreading and anchoring root system, regenerates easily by seed and suckering |
understorey, erosion (stream bank and toe stabilisation) , riparian, windbreak, recolonises disturbed sites |
July-Nov |
| Acacia decora |
Western Silver Wattle |
dry rocky outcrops, red loams |
rounded, spreading shrub 1-4m |
understorey |
Nov-Feb |
| Acacia falciformis |
Hickory Wattle |
shallow, rocky soils to moist well drained sites |
tree 4-12m |
riparian revegetation, gully banks, slopes, windbreak, birdseed |
Spring-Summer |
| Acacia genistifolia |
Spreading Wattle |
dry, shallow, acid, skeletal soils |
S, shrub 1-2m |
understorey |
Oct-Dec |
| Acacia gunii |
Ploughshare Wattle |
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S, small shrub |
understorey |
Oct-Mar |
| Acacia implexa |
Lightwood |
sandy, shallow, dry, acid, skeletal soils |
S, small tree 5-15m |
understorey , riparian, windbreak, erosion |
Sept-Dec |
| Acacia lanigera |
Woolly Wattle |
dry, rocky slopes, shallow soil-quartz |
shrub 1-2m |
understorey |
Spring |
| Acacia mearnsii |
Black Wattle |
dry, shallow shale or slate soils, very frost and drought hardy |
tree 5-15m, vigorous spreading and anchoring root system, fast growing |
riparian revegetation, firewood |
Oct-Dec |
| Acacia melanoxylon |
Blackwood |
prefers msoist, fairly rich & deeper soils, tolerates temporary innundation |
S, small-large tree 6-30m |
understorey, timber, long lived |
Oct-Nov |
| Acacia paradoxa |
Hedge Wattle |
dry, shallow soils |
S, small, spreading shrub 2-4m |
understorey |
Aug-Nov |
| Acacia pravissima |
Ovens Wattle |
riverbanks, near streams, damp sites |
shrub, 3-8m |
bank stabilisation, windbreak |
Nov-Feb |
| Acacia rubida |
Red Stem Wattle |
dry, alluvial soils, including steep well drained banks |
S, shrub-small tree 2-10m |
understorey , stream bank and toe stabilisation, windbreak |
Nov-Feb |
| Acacia siculiformis |
Dagger Wattle |
well drained sandy or rocky sites and near streams/riverbanks on moist, well drained soils - creek banks and swamps |
shrub, 1-3m, very hardy |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
Aug-Oct |
| Acacia verniciflua |
Varnish Wattle |
sandy, shallow, rocky soils |
S, shrub 1-4m |
understorey |
July-Nov |
| Acacia vestita |
Hairy Wattle |
dry hillsides |
spreading shrub 1-4m |
understorey |
Late Winter |
| Aristrida ramosa |
Purple Wiregrass |
sandy |
S, medium-large tussock grass |
understorey |
Dec-Feb |
| Bertya rosmarinifolia |
Bertya |
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bank stabilisation |
Mar-Sept |
| Brachychiton populneus |
Kurrajong |
rocky exposed ridges, well drained soils, slopes |
tree 5-12m, susceptible to frost damage |
shade, fodder |
Sept-Dec |
| Brachyloma daphnoides |
Daphne Heath |
poor, dry, rocky or sandy hillslopes, shallow soils |
small, heathy shrub, to 1m |
understorey |
Aug-Dec |
| Bracteantha viscosa |
Sticky Everlasting |
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S, perennial forb 80cm |
understorey |
Oct-Dec |
| Bulbine bulbosa |
Bulbine Lily |
rocky sites |
S, perennial 40cm |
understorey |
Sept-Dec |
| Bursaria lasiophylla |
Blackthorn |
grows readily along river, creeks and gullies |
S, thorny shrub to small tree 1-8m, wide spreading root system |
binds soil effectively, bank stabilisation, understorey |
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| Bursaria spinosa |
Bursaria |
dry sites, gullies/river flats, clay or loam soils |
S, shrub 1-3m |
understorey, nectar for wasps (parasites of Christmas beetle larvae) |
Nov-Mar |
| Callistemon citrinus |
Crimson Bottlebrush |
riverbanks, near swamps, damp sandy flats |
shrub 1-3m |
bank stabilisation, bird attraction, possible salt tolerant |
Oct-Dec, and often Autumn |
| Callistemon pallidus |
Lemon Bottlebrush |
exposed ridges, rocky sites |
shrub, 2-5m |
bank stabilisation, bird attraction, windbreak |
July-Oct |
| Callistemon sieberi syn. paludosa |
River Bottlebrush |
riverbanks, creeks, wet sand or rocky soils |
shrub to small tree 2-7m |
suitable for stabilising base of eroding stream banks, bird attraction |
Dec-March |
| Callistemon pityoides syn. sieberi |
Alpine Bottlebrush |
periodically wet ground, near swamps, watercourses |
shrub 1-3m, dense, prickly |
instream and toe rehabilitation |
Dec-Feb |
| Calytrix tetragona |
Common Fringe-myrtle |
rocky, gravelly soils, sand |
S, heathy shrub 1-2m+ |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
Aug-Sep |
| Carex appressa |
Tall Sedge |
wet sites, above creeks |
D, perennial, small, 40-120cm |
understorey |
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| Carex fasicularis and gaudichaudiana |
Tussock, Tassle and Tufted Sedge |
poorly drained-damp soils, along streams and wetlands, tolerates periodic wet and dry conditions |
perennial tussock |
helps prevent erosion, stream bank and toe stabilisation |
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| Cassinia aculeata |
Common Cassinia (Dogwood) |
sandy, clay |
SC, shrub 2-3m |
understorey , bank stabilisation, colonises disturbed sites |
Dec-March |
| Cassinia longifolia |
Shiny Cassinia (Cauliflower Bush) |
dry, shallow soils, rocky outcrops |
SC, shrub 1-3.5m |
understorey |
Dec-March |
| Cassinia quinquefaria |
Cassinia |
dry open forests, rocky slopes |
SC, shrub 1-3m |
understorey |
Jan-March |
| Casuarina cunninghamiana |
River She-Oak |
loamy, alluvial soils along riverbanks, streams & watercourses, were roots have access to regular water supply |
tree 8-15m, frost tender in early years |
bank stabilisation, roots bind banks, windbreak, fodder |
Sept-Mar |
| Casuarina glauca |
Grey (Swamp) She-Oak |
poorly drained swamp area, saline swamp flats |
tree 6-15m |
riparian revegetation, timber, firewood |
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| Cheiranthera linearis |
Finger Flower |
grassy woodland |
shrub to 30cm |
understorey |
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| Chionocloa pallida |
Redanther Wallaby Grass |
open forest or woodland understorey on shallow, stony sedimentary soils, also grasslands |
DS, large, dense tussocky perennial |
understorey, soil erosion on hills and slopes |
Nov-Jan |
| Chrysoccephalum apiculatem |
Common Everlasting (Yellow Buttons) |
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SDC, upright/creeping perennial 7-60cm |
understorey, landscaping |
throughout the year - mostly late winter and spring |
| Chrysocephalum semipappasum |
Clustered Everlasting |
common in woodland |
DC, perennial to 60cm |
understorey |
Spring-Autumn |
| Cryptandra amara |
Bitter Cryptandra |
grassy woodland |
heathy shrub -35cm |
understorey |
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| Cyperus difformis |
Rice Sedge |
poorly drained soils |
grass-like perennial tussock to 2m |
stream bank and toe stabilisation |
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| Danthonia spp. |
Wallaby Grass |
natural grasslands and woodlands - sedimentary & volocanic soils |
S, tufted perennial |
understorey, landscaping - thrives with regular grazing, tolerant of low soil fertility, low pH and drought |
Oct-Dec |
| Daviesia mimosoides |
Narrow-leaf Bitter Pea |
various soils - useful for poor, open sites, hillsides, shallow, acid skeletal soils |
shrub to 2m, hardy, regenerates quickly after fire |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
Aug-Oct |
| Daviesia species |
Pea Species |
dry rocky or sandy sites, acid skeletal soils |
S, shrubs 0.5-2m |
understorey |
Aug-Nov |
| Dianella spp. |
Lily Species |
grassland and grassy woodland |
SD, tufted perennial to 80cm |
understorey, grassland |
Spring to Autumn |
| Dillwynia sericea |
Pea Species |
drier sites, shallow soils |
S, prostrate to low growing shrub |
understorey |
July-Sept |
| Discaria pubescens |
Australian Anchor Plant |
near streams |
shrub 1-2m |
bank stabilisation |
Winter to Spring |
| Dodonaea viscosa subsp. viscosa |
Giant Hop-bush |
clay, sandy soils, rocky outcrops |
S, tall shrub 1-6m |
understorey , bank stabilisation |
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| Dodonea viscosasubsp. angustissima |
Narrow-leaf Hop Bush |
rocky outcrops, dry sandy soils |
shrub 1-4m |
bank stabilisation |
Nov-Feb |
| Elymus scaber |
Wheatgrass |
moist, shaded areas within grasslands |
perennial |
persists with moderate grazing, good pioneer species for grasslands - rapid early growth rate, good forage quality |
Oct-Jan |
| Epacris spp. |
Heath Species |
near swamps, streams |
small heath 0.5-2m |
understorey |
Aug-Dec |
| Eucalyptus aggregata |
Black Gum |
poorly drained swamp areas, cold, damp sites, frost pockets |
tree 8-15m, frost tender in early years |
riparian revegetation, windbreak, salt tolerant |
Summer -Autumn |
| Eucalyptus albens |
White Box |
dry open forests or woodland, steep dry slopes |
tree to 25m |
fencing, fuel, honey |
various times - usually autumn to spring |
| Eucalyptus blakelyi |
Blakely’s Red Gum |
prefers compact loams on undulating terrain or granitic sites, dry, well drained |
S, tree 10-24m, very susceptible to insect damage (dieback) |
understorey, posts, fuel, honey |
Summer |
| Eucalyptus bridgesiana |
Apple Box |
moist, well drained, deeper soils, lower slopes and drainage lines |
S, tree 8-25m |
understorey, shade for stock |
Nov-Feb |
| Eucalyptus camaldulensis |
River Red Gum |
prefers moist, deep clay soils along rivers and watercourses |
large tree 12-25m, plant well back from eroding or collapsing banks |
hardy, resistant to decay and termites, riparian revegetation, posts, stumps, sleepers, fuel, honey, salt tolerant |
variable |
| Eucalyptus crenulata |
Buxton Gum |
poorly drained swamp areas |
tree 4-10m |
riparian revegetation, windbreak, ornamental |
Spring |
| Eucalyptus dives |
Broad-leaf Peppermint |
prefers dry hills, poor shallow, rocky soils |
tree 8-25m |
riparian revegetation, Eucalypt oil |
Oct-Dec |
| Eucalyptus globulus |
Blue Gum |
moist, well drained soils |
tree 20-40m, fast growing, juveniles susceptible to insect damage |
riparian revegetation, timber, construction |
Sept-Jan |
| Eucalyptus machroryncha |
Red Stringybark |
acid, skeletal soils, dry well drained slopes |
tree 12-35m |
hardy, durable wood, light construction -posts, fuel |
Jan-April |
| Eucalyptus mannifera |
Brittle Gum |
acid, skeletal, poor, stony soils |
small to medium tree 8-20m |
wood brittle, not durable and of little use |
Nov-April |
| Eucalyptus melliodora |
Yellow Box |
deep, wet/poorly drained soils |
S, tree 12-30m, deep and spreading root system |
understorey, posts, fuel, honey |
Oct-Feb |
| Eucalyptus pauciflora |
Snow Gum |
wide range of soils, very hardy on cold open sites at higher altitude, frost hollows, shallow soils, also moist well drained soils |
tree to 20m |
riparian revegetation, windbreak, fencing, fuel |
Oct-Feb |
| Eucalyptus polyanthemos |
Red Box |
midslopes, stony soils |
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| Eucalyptus rossi |
Scribbly Gum |
poor, acid skeletal, shallow, dry soils |
small to medium tree 8-15m, 'scribbles' (from insect larvae) along trunk |
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Summer |
| Eucalyptus rubida |
Candlebark |
dry shallow soils, suitable for cold areas, exposed sites |
tree 10-25m |
riparian revegetation, fuel-burns quickly, wood not durable-moderately tough and strong |
Nov-Feb |
| Eucalyptus stellulata |
Black Sallee |
loamy alluvial soils, also poorly drained swamps, frost pockets |
tree to 12m, will propagate on very cold river flats |
riparian revegetation, water absorber, fuel, wood not durable |
April-Oct |
| Eucalyptus viminalis |
Ribbon/Manna Gum |
prefers moist, well drained, alluvial sandy soils - riverbanks |
large tree 25-50m, fast growing, very hardy |
riparian revegetation, windbreak, koalas, wood not strong or durable, burns quickly |
various times-mainly summer |
| Exocarpus cupressiformis |
Cherry Ballart |
shallow rocky soils, hillslopes |
small tree 3-8m |
understorey |
Dec-May |
| Exocarpus strictus |
Pale-fruit Ballart |
open forests |
shrub 1-2.5m |
understorey |
Aug-Nov |
| Glycine clandestina |
Twining Glycine |
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S, creeping, trailing or climbing pereinnial |
understorey, grassland |
Oct-Mar |
| Gompholobium hueglii |
Giant Wedge Pea |
poor grey sandy soils, sandstones |
S, shrub 1-3m |
understorey |
Spring and Summer |
| Gonocarpus tetragynus |
Common Raspwort |
grassy woodland |
S, perennial to 25cm |
understorey, grassland |
Spring and Summer |
| Grevillea alpina |
Cat’s Claw |
stony, sandy ground |
shrub to 2.5m |
understorey |
July-Dec |
| Grevillea juniperina |
Prickly Grevillea |
sand or rock near rivers, suitable for low phosphorus soils |
SC, prickly shrub 1-2.5m or prostrate form |
bank stabilisation, understorey, bird attraction |
Nov-Feb |
| Grevillea lanigera |
Woolly Grevillea |
lighter soils along watercourses, well draining sandy or rocky soils, with clay subsoil and low phosphorus |
SC, small shrub 1-2m, regenerates naturally during good seasons |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
Aug-Feb |
| Gynatrix pulchella |
Hemp Bush |
near streams |
shrub, 2-4m |
bank stabilisation |
Aug-Oct |
| Hakea microcarpa |
Small Fruited Hakea |
rocky soils next to watercourses and swamps, poorly drained swamp areas, not tolerant of phosphorus (ie. rich alluvial soils) |
shrub to 2m |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
Aug-Sept |
| Hakea sericea |
Bushy Needlewood |
acid skeletal soils, hill country, in scrubby understoreys |
shrub 2-5m |
understorey (can become invasive), bird attraction |
May-Sept |
| Haloragis heteophylla |
Swamp Raspwort |
wet, drainage lines in grasslands |
C, sparse perennial to 20cm |
understorey, grasslands |
Summer |
| Hardenbergia violacea |
Sarsparella |
acid skeletal, shallow soils, dry sites |
S, creeper to 0.5m |
understorey |
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| Helichrysum thyrsoideum |
Sticky Everlasting |
rocky highland sites |
shrub 1-2m |
understorey |
Oct |
| Hibbertia obtusifolia |
Grey Guinea Flower |
grassy woodland, dry sites, shallow soils |
SC, shrub to 30cm |
understorey |
Oct |
| Hovea lineraris syn. heterophylla |
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S, creeping perennial to 30cm long |
understorey |
Late Winter and early Spring |
| Indigofera australis |
Austral Indigo |
poor shallow soils |
S, shrub 0.5-2m |
understorey |
Aug-Sept |
| Isotoma fluviatilis |
Swamp Isotome |
wet, drainage lines |
CD, perennial to 10mm |
understorey |
Late Spring -Summer |
| Juncus spp. |
Rushes |
damp or saturated soils, poorly drained |
SD, perennial to 1m, survives periodic wet conditions |
stream bank and toe stabilisation, understorey |
Nov-Jan |
| Kunzea erocoides |
Burgan |
clay, sandy, wet/poorly drained, near streams |
S, shrub 2-4m, may invade cleared country |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
Aug-Nov |
| Kunzea parvifolia |
Violet Kunzea |
rocky slopes - poor, shallow soils, also poorly drained, damp swamp sites near seepage areas |
S, shrub 0.5-2.5m |
understorey |
Oct-Dec |
| Leptospermum multicaule |
Silver Tea-tree |
dry hills |
SC, shrub 0.5-2m |
understorey |
Spring |
| Leptospernum brevipes |
Slender Tea-Tree |
near streams, damp or rocky sites |
shrub 2-4m |
bank stabilisation |
Oct-Jan |
| Leptospernum juniperum |
Prickly Tea-Tree |
poorly drained, sandy soils |
prickly shrub 1-4m |
understorey, erosion control |
Oct-Mar |
| Leptospernum lanigerum |
Woolly Tea-Tree |
wet, sandy or alluvial soils and rocky sites, along streams and swampy flats |
shrub to small tree 2-6m |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
May-Sept |
| Leptospernum myrtifolium |
Swamp Tea-Tree |
periodically wet, swampy soils near streams and soaks |
shrub 1-2.5m, may invade cleared wet areas |
bank stabilisation |
Jan-Mar |
| Leptospernum obovatum |
River Tea-Tree |
sandy, alluvial soils and rocky outcrops, periodically wet & waterlogged sites along watercourses |
tall shrub 2-3m |
excellent for streambank protection |
Summer |
| Leucochrysum albicans |
Hoary Sunray |
grassy woodland and grasslands |
S, low tufted perennial to 30cm |
understorey |
Spring and Summer |
| Lissanthe strigosa |
Peach Heath |
rocky ground, grassy woodland |
S, dense shrub to 1m |
understorey |
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| Lomandra longifolia |
Spiny Headed Mat Rush |
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small tufted perennial to 80cm, dense fibrous root system |
stream bank and toe stabilisation |
Spring |
| Lomatia myricoides |
Long-leaf Lomatia |
poor soils, along creeks and gullies, intolerant of high phosphorus alluvial sites |
shrub 2-5m |
bank stabilisation |
Aug-Oct |
| Lythrum salicaria |
Purple Loosestrife |
damp mud or wet sand |
perennial herb to 1.5m, dies back in winter, reshoots from crown |
stream bank and toe stabilisation |
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| Melaleuca armillaris |
Giant Honey-myrtle |
sands, granite outcrops |
large shrub-tree 2-14m |
understorey |
Nov-Feb |
| Melaleuca ericifolia |
Swamp Paperbark |
poorly drained soils, swamps and stream flats |
shrub-small tree 2-9m |
bank stabilisation, understorey, windbreak |
Oct-Nov |
| Melaleuca halmaturorum |
Salt Paperbark |
brackish or muddy saline sites |
shrub or small tree, 3-8m |
bank stabilisation |
Oct-Dec |
| Melaleuca linariifolia |
Narrow-leaf Paperbark |
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bank stabilisation |
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| Melichrus urceolatus |
Urn Heath |
grassy woodland, uncommon in grasslands, dry sites, shallow soils |
heath-like shrub to 30cm |
understorey |
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| Micrantheum hexandrum |
Box Micranteum |
rocky sites near streams |
shrub 2-4m |
bank stabilisation |
July-Nov |
| Microlaena stipoides |
Weeping Grass |
tolerant of low soil pH |
S, small-medium tufted perennial |
understorey |
Nov-Feb |
| Phragmites australis |
Common Reed |
damp-saturated soil, also grows in deep brackish water |
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stream bank stabilisation |
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| Pimelia glauca |
Shrubby Rice Flower |
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shrub to 50cm |
understorey |
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| Poa labillardieri |
Tussock Grass |
grows readily along streambanks |
D, perennial, unpalatable for stock |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
Sept-Feb |
| Poa sieberiana |
Poa Tussock |
prefers dry alluvial soils on stream banks and low-lying sites, grasslands and grassy woodlands |
D, perennial, unpalatable for stock, native pasture |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
Oct-Feb |
| Pomaderris species |
Pomaderris |
near streams |
shrub to 3m |
bank stabilisation, understorey |
Oct |
| Pultenaea foliosa or procumbens |
Bush Peas |
dry |
SC, low shrub -2m |
understorey |
Spring |
| Schoenoplectus validus |
River Clubrush |
damp, saturated soil |
perennial to 3m, survives periodic wet |
prevents erosion, stream bank and toe stabilisation |
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| Sorghum leiocladum |
Wild Sorghum |
sites of low disturbance often within Kangaroo Grass communities |
S, leafy tufted perennial |
understorey |
Dec-Feb |
| Stipa species |
Spear Grass |
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SD, medium to large spreading perennial |
understorey, good coloniser for landscaping and revegetation |
Nov-Jan |
| Typha orientalis |
Broad-leaf Cumbungi |
damp or saturated soil, in stationary or slow flowing water up to 2m, can blanket areas of slow moving water |
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instream and toe rehab. |
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| Vittadinia spp. |
New-Holland Daisy |
shallow, well drained soils |
SD, perennial to 10cm |
understorey, persists under grazing, suitable landscape and revegetation species - prolific seeder and establishes easily |
Spring and Summer |
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| Compiled with the assistance of Rainer Rehwinkel (National Parks & Wildlife Service), Sue Streatfield (Greening Australia), |
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